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Abstract

Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men ( ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women ( ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01).> 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.

Introduction

Strength training (RT) has the benefit of advantageous assets to both males and females. Actually, the medical great things about RT are but are not limited to: reduced intestinal transportation time; shorter threat of colon cancer (Koffler mais aussi al., 1992); improved sleep kcalorie burning (Campbell et al., 1994; Paoli et al., 2012); enhanced glucose metabolic rate (Hurley, 1994); increased bloodstream-lipid profiles (Brick ainsi que al., 1982; Hurley mais aussi al., 1988); reduced resting blood pressure levels (Harris & Holly, 1987; Colliander & Tesch, 1988); improved bones mineral occurrence (Menkes mais aussi al., 1993); pain and discomfort reduction for those struggling with arthritis (Rall mais aussi al., 1996); diminished lower back pain (Deyssig ainsi que al., 1993; Weinsier ainsi que al., 1995); increased flexibility (Westcott, 1995); and you may, enhanced maximum aerobic capabilities (Steele ainsi que al., 2012). Specifically, enhanced electricity and you will strength, an important results of RT, were evidenced to attenuate the risk of every-cause mortality (Newman mais aussi al., 2006; Ruiz ainsi que al., 2008; Artero et al., 2011; Srikanthan & Karlamangla, 2014). Yet not, whether you'll find sex-certain answers in order to RT are at this time uncertain. Centered on Dreyer et al., (2010), typically men has actually 10 moments a lot more releasing testosterone than female. Torso looks may have far more androgen receptors than leg human anatomy (Kadi mais aussi al., 2000). Hence, you'll be able that hormone huge difference might allow higher innovation out of higher limb system in men compared to the female that have RT.

) examined muscles structure for the 268 men and you can 200 women using magnetic resonance imaging and discovered upper body muscles proportion was deeper within the dudes than just female (42.nine against. 39.7%). Equivalent overall performance had been used in opposition-educated sufferers because of the Alway et al. (1989), who compared female and male bodybuilders. They stated that, even with carrying out an identical studies regularity and you can did equivalent education applications, the brand new strength get across-sectional area of the biceps brachii are higher in the males than in women. Also, Kvorning mais aussi al. (2006) discovered that the consequences out-of testosterone for the electricity development could be even more noticable than simply muscle mass increases. Therefore, it may be hypothesized one sex you'll determine this new power impulse moreso as compared to increase in muscles in response so you're able to RT.

Past degree stated that everyone creating the same RT plan did not disagree during the energy development, both pure and you can relative, with the lower limbs (Ivey mais aussi al., 2000; Galvao mais aussi al., 2006; Dorgo et al., 2012). Fisher et al. (2014) enjoys recently stated the new stamina gains off men and women students from an exclusive RT business both for higher minimizing human anatomy knowledge. There had been similar sheer electricity development but really ladies got a bit better cousin power progress and you can stamina gains prior to system size. Although not, lady inside studies got trained for approximately double the fresh stage of men. Most other training examining the chest area report conflicting results which includes suggesting deeper pure development in guys (O'Hagan mais aussi al., 1995; Abe et al., 2000) and you will greater cousin increases in women. Anybody else advertised zero differences (Davies et al., 1988; Abe mais aussi al., 2000). But not, this has been contended by the Abe et treffimaan kaverit al. (2000) a large number of the earlier knowledge hence presented sex evaluations to possess one another power and you will muscle hypertrophic changes was indeed impeded by the reduced statistical power because of small try versions (all the ?20 participants).